Data Integration & Ontologies
What is the difference between an independent data layer and a BMS?
How a BMS and an independent data layer divide control and information, and how to govern write-back safely.
Insights
Practical guidance for owners, designers and operators working on connected, efficient and digitally ready buildings and developments.
All articles
117 articles
Digital Twins & BIM
What is the difference between LOD and level of information need?
Why LOD numbers fell short, what a level of information need specification contains and how to separate geometry from data.
COBie & Digital Handover
What is the difference between COBie, IFC and BIM?
How COBie, IFC and BIM relate, and how to give each deliverable a purpose, an authority and a receiving system.
Data Integration & Ontologies
What is a building ontology?
What a building ontology is, the main options and why an ontology alone does not create interoperability.
Data Centres & AI Infrastructure
What is the difference between an enterprise, colocation and edge data centre?
How enterprise, colocation and edge facilities differ in ownership, responsibility and fit for different workloads.
Energy & Sustainability
What should building owners know about the EPBD and building automation?
What the recast EPBD requires of building automation in non-residential buildings and how to assess what you have.
Smart Districts & Cities
What is the difference between a smart building, smart district and smart city?
How buildings, districts and cities differ in scope, decision makers, data and funding, and how the three levels connect.
Digital Twins & BIM
How much does a building digital twin cost?
The deliverables that drive digital twin cost, the owner's own costs and how to compare proposals over the whole life.
Energy & Sustainability
How can buildings coordinate solar panels, batteries and EV charging?
How a building can coordinate solar, batteries and EV charging through ranked objectives, constraints and layered authority.
Strategy, Costs & Procurement
How much does a smart building system cost?
The cost lines that make up a smart building budget, why price benchmarks mislead, and how to make supplier quotations comparable.
Operations & Productivity
How can occupancy data improve cleaning schedules?
How occupancy data can make cleaning follow demand, which baseline to keep and how to handle privacy.
Energy & Sustainability
How can a hotel reduce energy use without affecting guest comfort?
How hotels can cut energy area by area, starting back of house, while protecting comfort and the guest experience.
Discuss a project
If you are scoping a building, a fit-out or a development, we can talk through the brief.
Contact Pagin Consulting